SHORT DRAFT OF NEEDS ASSESSTMENT FOR REFUGEE EMERGENCIES (NARA) IN REFUGEE CAMP “TRNOVI”, VELIKA KLADUŠA, BOSNIAN FRONTIER

SHORT DRAFT OF NEEDS ASSESSTMENT FOR REFUGEE EMERGENCIES (NARA)

IN REFUGEE CAMP “TRNOVI”, VELIKA KLADUŠA, BOSNIAN FRONTIER

Dimitar Anakiev, dr.med, spec.GlobalHealth

Velika Kladuša, BIH, 29.07.2018

0.Newspaper titles from Unsko Krainske novine KRAJINA, issue 27.07. 2018:

-Local government wants to help Federal government in solving migrant crisis (page 3)

-New refuge center to be created in Bosanski Petrovac? (page 3)

-Interview with migrant from Pakistan (page 4)

-Report from Hotel Sadra (Cazin) about vulnerable families (page 8)

-Protest against unresolving migrants situation in Sarajevo (page 9)

-Muslim religious leader Kavezović visited migrants in Velika Kladuša, reportage (page 10)

-Mobile children care for migrants in Bihać (page 16)

1.Humanitarian Context:

According to one of camp coordinators the number of refugees in Bosnian Frontier (Bosanska krajina, area of municipality Bihać, Cazin and Kladuša, part od Canton Una-Sana, Federation B&H) is about 1000. On the other side, media reports mention 3000-5000 migrants in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The most critical situation is in refugee camp „Trnovi“, Velika Kladuša, with about 350 refugees, mostly male settled in improvised tents in the marshes by Kladušnica river. Families from Velika Kladuša and Bihać are settled in Hotel Sedra, Cazin (approximately 100 people).

2.Shelter

Refugees reached Velika Kladuša in March 2018. In the beginning they were settled in public parks. On May 17 they were moved by the decision of mayor of Velika Kladuša to the marshes by Kladušnica river. At the moment the ground is dry but any rain change it and all tents are full of water. The camp site is about 8 hectares, what is too small for the number of refugees. There is no solid facilites, only tents improvised by the plastic & nylon. Day and night temperature differences in the tents are high, vector control does not exist (Bosnia is an endemic area for Lyme borreliosis).

3.Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH)

The municipality extended electrics and drinking water line to the camp site. Also five (5) chemical toilets are installed. Nothing of those reaches Sphere standards for humanitarian situation:

--According to the number of refugees (350) settled in Velika Kladuša already 5 months the minimum number of toilets that is required is seventeen (17). That means 11,76% only of reaching standards but it is even worse because the type of toilets are not adequate (small tank, needs for frequent emptying that does not function at all)

--The number of showers are only two (2), required minimum standard is twenty five (25) for 350 people in humanitarian context, that is only 8% of needed according to Sphere standards. The situation makes people nervous and causes fighting among them.

--There are thee (3) tapes in the camp (adequate number!) but it is used for all: personal hygiene, drinking water, „shower“, laundry washing (no laundry facilities in camp) so it is always crowded.

4.Health Care

Health care is based in patrol system of MSF mobile medical unit plus local EMS units and Bihać hospital secondary. Actually primary health care does not exist including public health control.

Prevalence of visiting doctor is very high: 25% (Comparison: in Ljubljana asylum facilities it is 6-8%, in Zagreb 7%, in refugee camp Domiz (Iraq) with 40.000 refugees it is only 0.5%). The main figures:

--Mortality: available official figuers show 12 people drowned dead in river Kupa/Kolpa (nearby Croatian-Slovenian border), one (1) death from knife stabbing in camp-fight, one (1) deatah from illness (pneumonia & encephalitis)

--Morbidity: 66% all kinds of skin infection, 30% injuries (result of both: Croatian police violence after attempts of illegal crossing border and internal camp fights and violence), 15% scabies also some number of stomach problem, diarrhea, tonsillo-pharyngitis, and flu. Also, some number of refugees complain to headache, sleeplessness and psychological problems.

5.Conclusion:

Inadequate site, very low hygiene level and violence makes health hazard situation extremely high, especially during the summer. High percent of prevalence of visiting doctor shows that health situation is already bad. According to health hazard risks and available health figures refugee camp Trnovi needs permanent 5 days stationary primary health care with 6-8 hours health control and help (doctor plus nurse) / correction of WASH situation immediately.